Theory- Kinetic Particle Theory 8/2/13

Kinetic Particle Theory

Explained by:

• diffusion
• inter conversion of states
• Brownian Motion

Represented through:

• kinetic particles model

          -> explains particles' motion and arrangement in 3 states of matter

Example of particle motion

Physical Properties!! ( things that CAN be measure )

1. Volume
2. Mass
3. Density
4. Conductivity

x SHAPE    

x SIZE 

Mini Quizzz:

Use KPT to explain what happens to the particles

1. When an ice cubes melts
2. When water boils

When heat is supplied, water molecules gain energy and vibrate faster about their fixed position

When solid water molecules gain sufficient energy to overcome the hydrogen bonding that hed them in fixed positions,

the water molecules will move slightly apart and now roll and glide over each other (LIQUID)

Water  molecules gain energy, they move faster and further apart

When water molecules gain sufficient energy to completely overcome the hydrogen bonding between the molecules,

the water molecules move far apart and away from each other . (GAS)

melting point/ boiling point --> shows that heat is about to break up the bonding

* bond between water molecules = hydrogen bond 

Condensation

• loses heat to the surrounding

  - forms bonds

* think about freezing , condensation and sublimation

3 states of matter at different temperatures:

Kinetic Particle Theory 7/2/13

Investigating Diffusion in Matter

3 main points of experiment:

• spaces between particles
• Particle molecules in constant, random motion 
• Substance with greater mass ( heavier ) moves much slower --> slower diffusion rate.

forces of attraction between particles : 

solid > liquid > gas

energy of particles:

solid < liquid < gas

e.g. : With greater energy, gas is able to overcome the forces of attraction between particles and thus move freely.

KPT limitation:

--> electrical conductivity ( does not explain)

Assumptions:

-> particles have kinetic energy

-> particles are in constant, random motion

-> forces of attraction between particles.

Kinetic Particle Theory Intro 4/2/13

Introduction: 

Overview Mind Map

Questions to ask for assumptions and limitations for particle model

Are you good enough for it? 2/2/13

Group Activity- Are you good enough for it ?

Question : How do you separate mixture of  iron filings , iodine ( sublime when heated) , copper Sulfate (ll) , Calcium Sulfate , Ammonium chloride ( sublimes when heated ) and Lead (ll) bromide

suggested answer from mr foo's slides:

Element, Compound & Mixture 

(Answer Techniques)

Nitrogen Atoms

Element:

• This diagram shows a element
• REASON: (type of element) atoms combined to form diatomic molecules.

Mixture: 

Mixture of elements:
____ and ___ are not chemically combined

Mixture of molecules:
two elements are in the form of diatomic molecules but are not  chemically combined with one another

Mixture of 2 different compounds made up of the same elements:
same constituent elements in different ratio.

Mixture of 2 different compounds :
two different compounds that are not chemically combined with one another

Compound:

( pure) compound:
two different types of element chemically joined together in a fixed ratio.

*pure compound: A pure compound is a substance composed of a specific molecule or formula unit composed of 2 or more elements that cannot be broken down physically.


Separation Technique Assignment 1 for test !